Hurricane Katrina at peak intensity in the, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Belgium sent in a team of relief personnel. In the two and a half weeks that had passed since Hurricane Katrina flooded the city, pumps had been . [23] During video conferences involving the president later that day and on August 29, NHC director Max Mayfield expressed concern that Katrina might push its storm surge over the city's levees and flood walls. Katrina damaged or destroyed 30 oil platforms and caused the closure of nine refineries;[49] the total shut-in oil production from the Gulf of Mexico in the six-month period following Katrina was approximately 24% of the annual production and the shut-in gas production for the same period was about 18%. Residents in some areas, such as Selma, were without power for several days. [166], According to a modeling exercise conducted by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), two-thirds of the deaths in Greater New Orleans were due to levee and flood wall failure. All three coastal counties of the state were severely affected by the storm. Breton Sound in Louisiana (in Plaquemines and St. Bernard Parishes, southeast of downtown New Orleans) was one of the areas heavily impacted by Hurricane Katrina in August 2005. Significant impacts were also reported in the Florida Panhandle. Hurricane Katrina was the costliest hurricane ever recorded, tied with Hurricane Harvey of 2017, with $125 billion (2005 USD) in damages. Remarkably, over 90% of Pascagoula, the easternmost coastal city in Mississippi, and about 75 miles (120km) east of Katrina's landfall near the Louisiana-Mississippi border was flooded from storm surge at the height of the storm. However, the President and Secretary Chertoff initially came under harsh criticism for what some perceived as a lack of planning and coordination. Dauphin Island Animated Radar Imagery "A chronicle of chaos: Tracking the news story of Hurricane Katrina from The Times-Picayune to its website". to more than 700,000 applicantsfamilies and individuals. Several roads were closed due to floodwater inundation in Acushnet, Dartmouth, New Bedford, and Wareham, including Route 18 in New Bedford. Lakeshore Drive right before Hurricane Katrina so much so that it got . Two deaths occurred due to a flood-related automobile accident in Huron County. Many of the computer models had shifted the potential path of Katrina 150 miles (240km) westward from the Florida Panhandle, putting the city of New Orleans directly in the center of their track probabilities; the chances of a direct hit were forecast at 17%, with strike probability rising to 29% by August 28. [125] The Department of Defense also activated volunteer members of the Civil Air Patrol. [99], Katrina also had a profound impact on the environment. Other large Jackson County neighborhoods such as Porteaux Bay and Gulf Hills were severely damaged with large portions being completely destroyed, and St. Martin was hard hit; Ocean Springs, Moss Point, Gautier and Escatawpa also suffered major surge damage. Marine Weather National Weather Service Mr. Berggren is the building inspector and floodplain manager for the City of Mandeville, a small community on the other side of Lake Ponchatrain across from New Orleans. Tornado Museum [27] Officials in Miami-Dade County advised residents in mobile homes or with special needs to evacuate. 2005: Damage in Mandeville/St. POST-TROPICAL CYCLONE REPORT.HURRICANE KATRINA.UPDATED NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NEW ORLEANS LA 230 PM CST FRI FEB 17 2006 THIS REPORT COVERS THE PERIOD AUGUST 28-29 2005 WHEN HURRICANE KATRINA MOVED THROUGH THE EASTERN GULF OF MEXICO BEFORE MAKING LANDFALL NEAR THE LOUISIANA MISSISSIPPI BORDER . These Maps Show the Severe Impact of Hurricane Katrina on New Orleans. Multiple locations were found. Early on the 28th, Katrina reached a minimum central pressure of 902mb (at the peak) - ranking 7th lowest on record for all Atlantic Basin hurricanes - and rapidly intensified to a Category 5 (175mph). The powerful Category 4 storm with winds of 150 mph (230 kph) hit on the same date Hurricane Katrina ravaged Louisiana and Mississippi 16 years earlier, coming ashore about 45 miles (72 kilometers . Additionally, the state government activated its Emergency Operations Center the next day, and local governments began issuing evacuation orders. [92] Furthermore, hundreds of thousands of local residents were left unemployed. The total cost to . For mass care, the organization served 68 million snacks and meals to victims of the disasters and to rescue workers. As a result, Lake Pontchartrain overflowed and areas between Slidell and Mandeville were flooded. [80] Surge covered almost the entire lower half of Hancock County, destroying the coastal communities of Clermont Harbor and Waveland, much of Bay St. Louis, and flowed up the Jourdan River, flooding Diamondhead and Kiln. 'Caroline Koch, Mandeville Street in the Marigny, New Orleans', Tom Neff, 2005 "50th Anniversary of Hurricane Betsy and 10th Anniversary of Katrina and Rita" at the Louisiana State Museum NWS Nashville. After a spill at the Murphy Oil refinery, for example, 1,800homes were oiled in the towns of Chalmette and Meraux. [75][76][77], The Gulf coast of Mississippi suffered extremely severe damage from the impact of Hurricane Katrina on August 29, leaving 238 people dead, 67 missing, and billions of dollars in damage: bridges, barges, boats, piers, houses, and cars were washed inland. Joggers were running alongside the now-placid lake waters while others pushed baby carriages. Additionally, hundreds of homes and businesses suffered flood damage. After using multiple tests, analyses, and descriptive statistics, the study suggested residents grew to become more patient, tolerant, and friendly towards newcomers. Coden / Bayou La Batre In one conference, he stated, "I do not think anyone can tell you with confidence right now whether the levees will be topped or not, but that's obviously a very, very great concern. [94], Katrina displaced over one million people from the central Gulf coast to elsewhere across the United States, becoming the largest diaspora in the history of the United States. Katrina's maximum windspeeds at landfall near Grand Isle, LA may have been as high as 140mph. In Mandeville, there were 750 insurance claims after Kutrina, whereas when Isaac hit there were only 250, and . Hurricane Ida made landfall late on Sunday morning at Port Fourchon, exactly 16 years since Hurricane Katrina, the catastrophic hurricane that killed more than 1,800 on the Gulf coast in 2005. As Katrina moved further north and made a, The wind gust analysis map shown below is courtesy of the. The background checks found that 45% of the refugees had a criminal record of some nature, and that 22% had a violent criminal record. Gusty winds also left approximately 4,500people in Buffalo without electricity. About Our Office [177] The role of AM radio was also of importance to the hundreds of thousands of persons with no other ties to news, providing emergency information regarding access to assistance for hurricane victims. The storm strengthened into Tropical Storm Katrina on the morning of August 24. The disaster in New Orleans prompted a massive national and international response effort, including federal, local, and private rescue operations to evacuate those displaced from the city in the following weeks. [8] Katrina was the earliest 11th named storm on record, before being surpassed by Tropical Storm Kyle on August 14, 2020. Over 900,000 people throughout the state experienced power outages.[58]. Sorry, the location you searched for was not found. (2007). Most of the major roads traveling into and out of the city were damaged. Observed Precipitation NWS Mobile, AL The largest tornado path occurred in Santa Rosa County near Munson, FL and was on the ground for three miles. Storm surge was as high as 12-14 feet in Bayou La Batre, AL and likely close to 20 feet along the Mississippi-Alabama border. The remnants of Katrina spawned a tornado in Virginia, damaging at least 13homes in Marshall. Water data back to 1996 are available online. He had been focused on checking for flooding and had been relieved that the water had missed getting into the church by one step. The name will never again be used for another North Atlantic hurricane. [102] The US Geological Survey has estimated 217sqmi (560km2) of land was transformed to water by the hurricanes Katrina and Rita. A number of streets and bridges were washed away. The damage and loss of life inflicted by this massive hurricane in Louisiana and Mississippi was staggering with significant effects extending into Alabama and the western Florida panhandle. Hurricane Katrina made landfall near Buras-Triumph, Louisiana, on August 29, as a strong Category 3 hurricane, unleashing massive devastation. After the storm, multiple investigations concluded that the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, which had designed and built the region's levees decades earlier, was responsible for the failure of the flood-control systems. Start here! Chertoff designated Michael D. Brown, head of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, as the Principal Federal Official to lead the deployment and coordination of all federal response resources and forces in the Gulf Coast region. Exactly ten years after Katrina, J. David Rogers, lead author of a new report in the official journal of the World Water Council, concluded that the flooding during Katrina "could have been prevented had the corps retained an external review board to double-check its flood-wall designs".[170]. The Category 4 storm hit on the same date Hurricane Katrina ravaged Louisiana and Mississippi . The height of the surge is uncertain because of a lack of data, although a tide gauge in Plaquemines Parish indicated a storm tide in excess of 14 feet (4.3m), and a 12-foot (3.7m) storm surge was recorded in Grand Isle. Failures occurred in New Orleans and surrounding communities, especially St. Bernard Parish. Hurricane Katrina, tropical cyclone that struck the southeastern United States in late August 2005. The mandatory evacuation outside New . Hurricane Katrina was a devastating Category 5 Atlantic hurricane that resulted in 1,392 fatalities and caused damage estimated between $97.4 billion to $145.5 billion in late August 2005, particularly in the city of New Orleans and its surrounding areas. [8], By Sunday, August 28, most infrastructure along the Gulf Coast had been shut down, including all freight and Amtrak rail traffic into the evacuation areas as well as the Waterford Nuclear Generating Station. Forecast Discussion As the eye of Hurricane Katrina swept to the northeast, it subjected the city to hurricane conditions for hours. [31] The state of Mississippi activated its National Guard on August 26 in preparation for the storm's landfall. It is estimated that the total economic impact in Louisiana and Mississippi may eventually exceed $150 billion. [28] Officials closed the Miami International Airport,[29] Fort LauderdaleHollywood International Airport, Key West International Airport, and Florida Keys Marathon Airport due to the storm. StormReady [50], The death toll from Katrina is uncertain, with reports differing by hundreds. The central pressure at landfall was 920mb - ranking 3rd lowest on record for a US landfalling hurricane, behind Hurricane Camille in 1969 (900mb) and the Labor Day Hurricane that struck the Florida Keys in 1935 (892mb). In Kentucky, rainfall from Katrina compounded flooding from a storm that had moved through during the previous weekend. Colorized IR Satellite Loop [175] On May 2, 2008, Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal used a speech to The National Press Club to request that President Bush free up money to complete work on Louisiana's levees. 217 square miles of coastal wetlands were also decimated. [10] The surge caused significant flooding several miles inland along Mobile Bay. 3", Officials Urge Preparedness As Katrina Intensifies, "Tropical Storm Becomes a Hurricane as it Nears Florida", "Reeling from hurricane, Florida braces for 2nd hit", "Hurricane Moves Over Gulf After Soaking Southern Florida", "Riley declares state of emergency due to Katrina threat", "Amtrak line to be restored to Gulf Coast by 2023", "Service Alert: Hurricane Katrina Update City of New Orleans, Crescent, Sunset Limited Revised Service Information", "Louisiana Citizen Awareness and Disaster Evacuation Guide", "Long Term Care Providers Tackle Disaster Preparedness In A Post-Katrina World", "State Of Louisiana Emergency Operations Plan Supplement 1C", "Lessons From Katrina and Rita: What Major Disasters Can Teach Transportation Planners", "Hurricane Katrina Probabilities Report Number 15", Hurricane Katrina Probabilities "Report Number 21", "Hurricane Katrina Pulls Its Punches in New Orleans", "Annual Summary: Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2005", "Hurricane Katrina deaths, Louisiana, 2005", Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals, The New Orleans Hurricane Protection System: What Went Wrong and Why, Costliest U.S. tropical cyclones tables update, Hurricane Katrina Service Assessment Report, 2021 Winter Storm Uri After-Action Review: Findings Report, "Deaths Directly Caused by Hurricane Katrina", "Spill colors fabric of Gulf coastal life", RA IV Hurricane Committee Twent-Eight Session, "Flooding and power outages as 'Katrina' batters western Cuba", "FEMA: Louisiana Katrina Surge Inundation Map, January 2006", "List of Missing Residents Down to 47, and More", "Current Housing Unit Damage Estimates, Hurricanes Katrina, Rita, and Wilma", http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/wg2/ar4-wg2-chapter1.pdf, "Evacuations to hotels come with own set of hazards", "Hurricane Katrina from the Airport's Point of View", "Hospital Settles Katrina Deaths Class Action", "Patients finally rescued from Charity Hospital", "Reports of anarchy at Superdome overstated", The Fate of Prisoners during Hurricane Katrina, New Orleans prisoners left to drown after Katrina struck, Abandoned & Abused: Report on the effects of Hurricane Katrina on New Orleans Prisons (PDF), "Information Relating to the Federal Appropriations for Katrina Recovery", "Mississippi Hurricane Katrina Surge Inundation and Advisory Base Flood Elevation Map Panel Overview", "Katrina Spawns Tornadoes in Georgia August 29, 2005", National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, "Hopkinsville Swamped By Floodwaters; 10-Year-Old Drowns", "Gov. Tree damage across Stone and George Counties in south Mississippi was very similar to the damage produced by Hurricane Ivan (2004) across Atmore and Brewton in south central Alabama. [178] The cellular phone antenna network was severely damaged and completely inoperable for several months. The west end of Dauphin Island was completely under water with most of the homes on the west end washed away. 109-322 Hurricane Katrina: A Nation Still Unprepared, "Former FEMA Director Testifies Before Congress", "Statement on Federal Emergency Assistance for Mississippi", "Statement on Federal Emergency Assistance for Alabama", Governor Blanco asks President to Declare an Emergency for the State of Louisiana due to Hurricane Katrina, National Weather Service New Orleans/Baton Rouge, Louisiana, "Transcripts, tape show Bush, Brown warned on Katrina", "Hurricane Katrina Situation Report No. [Color scale where the next highest velocity values begin: gray = 104mph; brown = 109mph; dark blue = 114mph; cyan = 117mph; green >127 mph]. September 7, 2005 (Landsat 5 TM; 1.6 MB) August 30, 2005 (Landsat 7 ETM+; 3.7 MB) The floods that buried up to 80 percent of New Orleans had noticeably subsided by September 15, 2005, when the top image was taken by the Landsat 7 satellite. [22] The National Weather Service's New Orleans/Baton Rouge office issued a vividly worded bulletin on August 28 predicting that the area would be "uninhabitable for weeks" after "devastating damage" caused by Katrina, which at that time rivaled the intensity of Hurricane Camille. Wind gusts up to 60mph (97km/h) also impacted parts of Maine, felling trees and causing power outages in Bar Harbor, Blue Hill, Dover-Foxcroft, Sedgwick Ridge, and Sorrento. Before striking South Florida, Katrina traversed the Bahamas as a tropical storm. On Tuesday, a group of congregation members were dragging rain-soaked toys and other items from the nursery, located in a raised building behind the church and church office, to a growing debris pile. [104] The lands that were lost were breeding grounds for marine mammals, brown pelicans, turtles, and fish, and migratory species such as redhead ducks. The wind gust analysis map shown below is courtesy of the NWS Office in Jackson, MS. Most evacuees had stayed within 250 miles (400km), but 240,000 households went to Houston and other cities over 250 miles (400km) away and another 60,000 households went over 750 miles (1,200km) away. Garbage will be picked up on Monday, January 2nd as scheduled. NOTE: The F scale was used to rate these tornadoes back in 2005. [26] Before Katrina moved ashore, schools and businesses were closed in the Miami area. [30], On August 28, Alabama Governor Bob Riley declared a state of emergency for the approaching Hurricane Katrina. Rain bands extending well east of Katrinas eye brought isolated rainfall totals of 3-6 inches over extreme northwest Florida. NOAA Coastal Aerial Photos [120], Some disaster relief response to Katrina began before the storm, with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) preparations that ranged from logistical supply deployments to a mortuary team with refrigerated trucks. A number of roads and bridges were inundated or washed out. Northwest Florida panhandle, More Information (Technical Papers and Assessments) A majority of the tornadoes in the outerbands of Katrina were brief and on the ground for 1/2 mile to two miles. The second came as the eye of Katrina passed, westerly winds pushed water into a bottleneck at the Rigolets Pass, forcing it farther inland. This Hazard Mitigation Plan is a comprehensive plan for disaster resiliency in St. Tammany Parish. [141], Over seventy countries pledged monetary donations or other assistance. The authorities, who monitored local and network news broadcasts, as well as internet sites, would then attempt to coordinate rescue efforts based on the reports. Wayne is happy because his city fared reasonably well during the Hurricane Katrina disaster - partially due to their stringent building regulations that . [95] Houston, Texas, had an increase of 35,000 people; Mobile, Alabama, gained over 24,000; Baton Rouge, Louisiana, over 15,000; and Hammond, Louisiana, received over 10,000, nearly doubling its size. Hazardous Weather Outlook St. Tammany Parish received a two-part storm surge. NWS Huntsville In Jackson County, storm surge flowed up the wide river estuary, with the combined surge and freshwater flooding cutting the county in half. At landfall, hurricane-force winds extended outward 120 miles (190km) from the center and the storm's central pressure was 920mbar (27inHg). ahead of Hurricane Ida in Jean Lafitte, La., Saturday, Aug. 28, 2021. 7 days. In Canada, the remnants of Katrina brought rainfall amounts in excess of 3.94in (100mm) to many locations between the Niagara Peninsula and the Saint Lawrence River valley. Katrina then weakened to a Category 4 hurricane as it moved across the north central Gulf and weakened further to a strong Category 3 hurricane shortly before making landfall in southeast Louisiana. [6] However, federal courts later ruled that the Corps could not be held financially liable due of sovereign immunity in the Flood Control Act of 1928.[7]. Chapter 1 in. Its SATERN network of amateur radio operators picked up where modern communications left off to help locate more than 25,000 survivors. [189] Katrina was also the earliest eleventh named storm in the Atlantic until Tropical Storm Kyle surpassed it on August 14, 2020, beating Katrina by 10 days, as it was named on August 24, 2005.[9]. The majority of the loss of lives in Hurricane Katrina was due to flooding caused by fatal engineering flaws in the flood protection system, specifically the levee,[3] around the city of New Orleans. [36] Although buses that later flooded were available to transport those dependent upon public transportation, not enough bus drivers were available to drive them as Governor Blanco did not sign an emergency waiver to allow any licensed driver to transport evacuees on school buses. Awareness Weeks [49] One apartment complex with approximately thirty residents seeking shelter inside collapsed. Some spills were only a few hundred gallons and most were contained on-site, though some oil entered the ecosystem and residential areas. The previous record of 11.60 feet was set on July 5, 1916. "[112] Several shootings occurred between police and New Orleans residents, some involving police misconduct; including an incident where police officers killed two unarmed civilians and seriously injured four others at Danziger Bridge. Wednesday, Sept. 8, 2021, in the aftermath of Hurricane Ida. [74] The neologism Katrinagate was coined to refer to this controversy, and was a runner-up for "2005 word of the year". These troops know how to shoot and kill and I expect they will", Louisiana Governor Kathleen Blanco said. It was also the fourth-most intense Atlantic hurricane on record to make landfall in the contiguous United States. Nationwide, Forecasts on the Northern Gulf Coast The Mobile State Docks measured the highest storm surge of 11.45 feet, while the lowest was 4.1 feet in the Santa Rosa Sound in northwest Florida. Telephone and power lines were damaged and around 8,000people were evacuated in the Pinar del Ro Province. The second image was taken on August 31, 2005, two . Katrina also caused a number of power outages in many areas, with over 100,000 customers affected in Tennessee, primarily in the Memphis and Nashville areas. Flash flooding occurred throughout the day as Katrina made landfall due to the heavy rainfall. dollars). Storm surge was as high as 12-14 feet in Bayou La Batre, AL and likely close to 20 feet along the Mississippi-Alabama border. [10], Hurricane Katrina also brought heavy rain to Louisiana, with 810 inches (200250mm) falling on a wide swath of the eastern part of the state. Many representatives of the news media reporting on the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina became directly involved in the unfolding events, instead of simply reporting. This is the wind, wave and weather forecast for Mandeville in Louisiana, United States of America. The storm dropped heavy rainfall in portions of the Miami metropolitan area, with a peak total of 16.43in (417mm) in Perrine. [163][164], Direct Relief provided a major response in the Gulf states so health providers could treat the local patients and evacuees. Wednesday, Sept. 8, 2021. Submit Storm Report, Radar Imagery [167] On April 5, 2006, months after independent investigators had demonstrated that levee failures were not caused by natural forces beyond intended design strength, Lieutenant General Carl Strock, chief of engineers and commander of the Corps of Engineers, testified before the United States Senate Subcommittee on Energy and Water that "We have now concluded we had problems with the design of the structure. In addition, Katrina is one of the five deadliest hurricanes to ever strike the United States. Photo courtesy of NOAA, Office for Coastal Management, DigitalCoast. Please select one of the following: As Katrina set new minimum central pressure records while, Katrina then weakened to a Category 4 hurricane as it moved across the north central Gulf and weakened further to a strong Category 3 hurricane shortly before making landfall in southeast Louisiana. To provide for additional housing, FEMA has also paid for the hotel costs of 12,000 individuals and families displaced by Katrina through February 7, 2006, when a final deadline was set for the end of hotel cost coverage. Cochran-Africatown Bridge. After moving west across south Florida and into the very warm waters of the Gulf of Mexico, Katrina intensified rapidly and attained Category 5 status (with peak sustained winds of 175mph) for a period of time as it moved northwest on August 28th. Fletcher Declares Three Kentucky Counties Disaster Areas", "Governor Fletcher declares state of emergency in Kentucky", Canadian Tropical Cyclone Season Summary for 2005, "Rain from Katrina washes out Quebec north shore roads", "Ex-chief says FEMA readiness even worse", "Hurricane Katrina/Hurricane Rita Evacuation and Production Shut-in Statistics Report as of Wednesday, February 22, 2006", "The Impact of Hurricane Katrina on Biological Resources", "Hurricane Katrina: Preliminary Estimates of Commercial and Public Sector Damages". [1] At the time, it was the costliest tropical cyclone on record, tied now with Hurricane Harvey of 2017. Early in September, Congress authorized a total of $62.3 billion in aid for victims. Some alleged that race, class, and other factors could have contributed to delays in government response. [65] The Hyatt was the most severely damaged hotel in the city, with beds reported to be flying out of the windows. [151], Countries like Sri Lanka, which was still recovering from the Indian Ocean Tsunami, also offered to help. The powerful storm made landfall near Port Fourchon, La., on the 16th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, slamming the southeastern coast with dangerous winds and storm surge. To the north in Broward County, residents east of the Intracoastal Waterway or in mobile homes were advised to leave their homes. It is estimated that 80-90% (approximately 104-119mph) of the maximum . Other factors may have contributed to the flooding. At the Convention Center, four bodies were recovered. Additionally, a mandatory evacuation was ordered for vulnerable housing in Martin County. . [108], The storm caused oil spills from 44 facilities throughout southeastern Louisiana, which resulted in over 7million US gallons (26,000m3) of oil being leaked. The storm strengthened into a Category 5 hurricane over the warm waters of the Gulf of Mexico[2] before weakening to a high-end Category 3 hurricane at its second landfall on August 29 over southeast Louisiana and Mississippi. Hurricane Katrina had sustained winds of 125 miles per hour when it made landfall in southeast Louisiana on August 29, 2005. Six other former or existing officers appeared in court in June 2011. Both the Lake Pontchartrain Causeway and the Crescent City Connection only carried emergency traffic. The Justine Plantation, shown here, sits undamaged because of the owners' adherence to Mandeville's building codes, requiring that a house sit above the Base Flood Elevation (BFE). Anthony E. Ladd, John Marszalek, and Duane A. Gill. Climate Plot for Mobile In addition, approximately 4,000people lost electricity. [97] By July 1, 2006, when new population estimates were calculated by the U.S. Census Bureau, the state of Louisiana showed a population decline of 219,563 or 4.87%. The hurricane made its final landfall near the mouth of the Pearl River, with the eye straddling St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, and Hancock County, Mississippi, on the morning of August 29 at about 9:45 AM CST. Hurricane Katrina created enormous public health and medical challenges, especially in Louisiana and MississippiStates with public health infrastructures that ranked 49th and 50th in the Nation, respectively. [183], Because of the large death toll and destruction of property along the Gulf Coast, the name Katrina was officially retired on April 6, 2006, by the World Meteorological Organization at the request of the U.S. government. [66], The Superdome, which was sheltering many people who had not evacuated, sustained significant damage. On September 13, 2005, it was reported that corporate donations amounted to $409 million, and were expected to exceed $1 billion. [134], The criticisms of the government's response to Hurricane Katrina primarily consisted of criticism of mismanagement and lack of leadership in the relief efforts in response to the storm and its aftermath. None were allowed in New Orleans, however. The storm triggered catastrophic flooding, particularly in the city of New Orleans . Furthermore, according to storm surge researcher Hassan Mashriqui: Storm surge pushing across shallow Lake Borgne from the east is constrained by these MRGO levees to the south and, to the north, by the long-standing levees of the Intracoastal Waterway (GIWW). In addition, the eastbound span of the I-10 bridge over the Pascagoula River estuary was damaged. Please try another search. (Staff photo by David Grunfeld, NOLA.com | The Times-Picayune | The New Orleans Advocate), Hurricane Ida damage in Mandeville, La. 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