Sitting Bull did feel bound by the 1868 Treaty, which he did not sign. His son, Jesse L. Jackson Jr., won election to the U.S. House of Representatives from Illinois in 1995. Parks, a 42-year-old seamstress, was also the secretary of the Montgomery chapter of the NAACP. On May 26, 2020, the day after Floyds death, protestors in Minneapolis took to the streets to protest Floyds killing. The little children are freezing to death. Does Mukherjee want us to see her as being totally insensitive? These hard workers rode alongside the huge herds in good and bad weather. Which idea does this passage express? They laid tracks, built trestles across rivers, carved tunnels through mountains, and built countless railroad stations. Why did conflict erupt between President Johnson and Congress after Lincoln's assassination? I have a dream, King intoned, expressing his faith that one day white and Black people would stand together as equals, and there would be harmony between the races: I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character.. rising demand for buffalo robes in the 1840s. B) After the end of slavery, African Americans could move and find new work. And after the war, the racist legacy of slavery would persist, spurring movements of resistance, including the Underground Railroad, the Montgomery Bus Boycott, the Selma to Montgomery March, and the Black Lives Matter movement. Some reservations were divided up and given to individual American Indian families. By 1885, most southern states had laws requiring separate schools for Black and white students, and by 1900, persons of color were required to be separated from white people in railroad cars and depots, hotels, theaters, restaurants, barber shops and other establishments. lack of public and legal support for union activities, CHAPTER 14 SECTION 3- LIFE ON THE HOME FRONT, Social Studies American History: Reconstruction to the Present Guided Reading Workbook, Gerald A. Danzer, J. Jorge Klor de Alva, Larry S. Krieger, Louis E. Wilson, Nancy Woloch, Discovering Our Past: A History of the United States, Early Years (Florida), Alan Brinkley, Albert S. Broussard, Donald A. Ritchie, James M. McPherson, Joyce Appleby. A) During the Civil War, many African Americans went west to work on railroads. Lasting roughly from the 1910s through the mid-1930s, the period is read more, The New York City neighborhood of Harlem was the center of a cultural explosionfrom late 1910s through the mid-1930s. The laws provided African Americans with voting rights. What did the Thirteenth Amendment do? The campaign for African American rightsusually referred to as the civil rights movement or the freedom movementwent forward in the 1940s and '50s in persistent and deliberate steps. Celebrated for her ability to talk candidly about a wide range of issues, Winfrey spun her talk show success into a one-woman empireincluding acting, film and television production and publishing. A federal court struck down this act, and four of the nine students returned, under police protection, after the schools were reopened in 1959. Thank God Almighty, we are free at last! Tony L. Clark holding a photo of George Floyd among protestors in front of the Cup Food Store where George Floyd was killed. Blues singer Bessie Smith, pianist Jelly Roll Morton, bandleader Louis Armstrong, composer Duke Ellington, dancer Josephine Baker and actor Paul Robeson were among the leading entertainment talents of the Harlem Renaissance, while Paul Laurence Dunbar, James Weldon Johnson, Claude McKay, Langston Hughes and Zora Neale Hurston were some of its most eloquent writers. Not done fighting, Faubus closed all of Little Rocks high schools in the fall of 1958 rather than permit integration. There cant be liberation for half a race, declared Margaret Sloan, one of the women behind the National Black Feminist Organization, founded in 1973. In Arkansas, Governor Orval Faubus made resistance to desegregation a central part of his successful 1956 reelection campaign. Choose the verb in parentheses that agrees with the subject, and write it in the blank. It opened up national markets for selling and obtaining resources and helped lower costs of production. Later that year, Governor George Wallace blocked the enrollment of a Black student at the University of Alabama, pledging to stand in the schoolhouse door. Though Wallace was eventually forced by the federalized National Guard to integrate the university, he became a prominent symbol of the ongoing resistance to desegregation nearly a decade after Brown v. Board of Education. working to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment. On January 20, 2009, Barack Obama was inaugurated as the 44th president of the United States; he is the first African American to hold that office. While in a grocery store, he allegedly whistled and made a flirtatious remark to the white woman behind the counter, violating the strict racial codes of the Jim Crow South. In the spring of 1943, graduates of the first all-Black military aviation program, created at the Tuskegee Institute in 1941, headed to North Africa as the 99th Pursuit Squadron. Whose innovation is evident in this 1881 illustration? Instead, he urged followers to defend themselves against white aggression by any means necessary. Mounting tensions between Malcolm and NOI founder Elijah Muhammad led Malcolm to form his own mosque in 1964. A. Despite the efforts of the ILGWU and other labor groups, most women with factory jobs did not join unions. a new treaty agreement that relocated the Plains Indians to reservations in Oklahoma. The nine Black students entered the school under heavily armed guard, marking the first time since Reconstruction that federal troops had provided protection for Black Americans against racial violence. His trial riveted the nation, and he emerged as an eloquent voice against the injustice of slavery and a martyr to the abolitionist cause. What industry's decline would hurt the southern economy the most? How did the use of horses change the way American Indians hunted? Why might recent events have led to many African Americans working for ranchers? After the end of slavery, African Americans could move and find new work Which of the following can best be inferred from looking at this map 4 The southern pacific railroad contributed to the growth of cities like San Francisco and los Angeles In August 1831, Nat Turner struck fear into the hearts of white Southerners by leading the only effective slave rebellion in U.S. history. There on the sidewalk ______the photographers. 5.The Emancipation Proclamation freed the slaves As racial prejudice was so ingrained in white civilization, Garvey claimed, it was futile for Black people to appeal to white peoples sense of justice and democratic principles. Beginning in the 1960s, the term affirmative action was used to refer to policies and initiatives aimed at compensating for past discrimination on the basis of race, color, sex, religion or national origin. B) After the end of slavery, African Americans could move and find new work. Based on information in the graph, what was one factor in the 1894 Pullman Strike? As a young man, Jesse Jackson left his studies at the Chicago Theological Seminary to join Martin Luther King Jr.s Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) in its crusade for Black civil rights in the South; when King was assassinated in Memphis in April 1968, Jackson was at his side. Explain why Lincoln's assassination put the future of the nation in question. Why might recent events have led to many African Americans working for ranchers? Also known as the Black Renaissance or the New Negro Movement, the Harlem Renaissance marked the first time that mainstream publishers and critics turned their attention seriously to African American literature, music, art and politics. Although railroads caused certain problems, they also made possible the rapid growth of industry after 1865. What negative impact did the steel mills have? The decision was also difficult to enforce, a fact that became increasingly clear in May 1955 when the Court remanded the case to the courts of origin due to their proximity to local conditions and urged a prompt and reasonable start toward full compliance. Though some southern schools moved towards integration relatively without incident, in other casesnotably in Arkansas and Alabamaenforcing Brown would require federal intervention. On May 17, 1876, Lieutenant Colonel Custer led the 750 men of the 7th United States Cavalry Regiment out of Fort Abraham Lincoln, Dakota Territory. And on March 13, 26-year-old EMT Breonna Taylorwas shot eight times and killed after police broke down the door to her apartment while executing a nighttime warrant. As a result, the price of enslaved people was dropping, and the continued growth of slavery seemed in doubt. a)It reveals the way the Emancipation Proclamation improved Americans' lives for years, just like the way sun casts light on the dark, A) During the Civil War, many African Americans went west to work on railroads. What event in the history of the West in the late 1800s prompted Chief Joseph to give his famous speech? Those early voices for Pan-Africanism emphasized the commonalities . Floyd had been accused of using a counterfeit $20 bill at a local deli in Minneapolis. As she later explained: I had been pushed as far as I could stand to be pushed. A)boarded trains for the West. . Thanks to the campaign of nonviolent resistance championed by Martin Luther King Jr. beginning in the late 1950s, the civil rights movement had begun to gain serious momentum in the United States by 1960. In early 1965, Martin Luther King Jr.s Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) made Selma, Alabama, the focus of its efforts to register Black voters in the South. At its conclusion, King quoted an old Negro spiritual: Free at last! Thousands of mourners attended, and Jet magazine published a photo of the corpse. . What role did both men and women among Plains Indians share? For millions of viewers throughout the country, the unforgettable images provided a vivid contrast between the angry forces of white supremacy and the quiet, dignified resistance of African American students. Nevada became a state in 1864; Colorado in 1876; North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana and Washington in 1889; Idaho and Wyoming in 1890. The cotton gin was widely copied, and within a few years the South would transition from a dependence on the cultivation of tobacco to that of cotton. In Boynton v. Virginia (1960), the Court extended the earlier ruling to include bus terminals, restrooms and other related facilities, and CORE took action to test the enforcement of that ruling. Based on the passage, Eastman sought to make popular photography possible by inventing a camera that was. Many were recent immigrants. The most important early Pan-Africanists were Martin Delany and Alexander Crummel, both African Americans, and Edward Blyden, a West Indian. Bound for New Orleans, the freedom riders were attacked by angry segregationists outside of Anniston, Alabama, and one bus was even firebombed. Aside from celebrated accomplishments like these, overall gains were slow, and maintaining high morale among black forces was difficult due to the continued discrimination they faced. Jacksons continued influence in the Democratic Party in the decades that followed ensured that African American issues had an important role in the partys platform. It would also, organizers believed, disprove some of the stereotypical negative images of Black men that existed in American society. Their aim was to capture enough ammunition to lead a large operation against Virginias slaveholders. B. In 1980, entrepreneur Robert L. Johnson founded Black Entertainment Television (BET), which he later sold to entertainment giant Viacom for some $3 billion. Which of the following can best be inferred from looking at this map? Why might recent events have led to many African Americans working for ranchers? What happened after the 15th amendment was passed? Alabamas governor, George Wallace, was a notorious opponent of desegregation, and the local county sheriff had led a steadfast opposition to Black voter registration drives: Only 2 percent of Selmas eligible Black voters had managed to register. In 1793, a young Yankee schoolteacher named Eli Whitney came up with a solution to the problem: The cotton gin, a simple mechanized device that efficiently removed the seeds, could be handpowered or, on a large scale, harnessed to a horse or powered by water. No one knows where they areperhaps freezing to death. In October 1995, hundreds of thousands of Black men gathered in Washington, D.C. for the Million Man March, one of the largest demonstrations of its kind in the capitals history. After the end of slavery, African Americans could move and find new work. Birmingham had become a leading focus of the civil rights movement by the spring of 1963 when Martin Luther King Jr. was arrested there while leading supporters of his Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) in a nonviolent campaign of demonstrations against segregation. regulating railroad rates to help farmers. What factor most likely caused a decline in Grange membership? C. The laws provided African Americans with voting rights. In January 2021, Kamala Harris became the first woman and first woman of color to become vice president of the United States. By freeing some 3 million enslaved people in the rebel states, the Emancipation Proclamation deprived the Confederacy of the bulk of its labor forces and put international public opinion strongly on the Union side. The state gained the right to decide local matters. After assisting in the Underground Railroad out of Missouri and engaging in the bloody struggle between pro- and anti-slavery forces in Kansas in the 1850s, Brown grew anxious to strike a more extreme blow for the cause. Why might recent events have led to many African Americans working for ranchers? In August 1955, a 14-year-old black boy from Chicago named Emmett Till had recently arrived in Money, Mississippi to visit relatives. Throughout the 16th and 17th centuries, as more explorers sought to colonize their land, Native Americans responded in various read more. 2023 A&E Television Networks, LLC. Nevada became a state in 1864; Colorado in 1876; North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana and Washington in 1889; Idaho and Wyoming in 1890. 1 Apart from its obvious negative impact on African American individuals, families, and communities, the racial . Giving American Indians land that would be useful for farming. a. -Andrew Carnegie, 1889 Three days later, two white menthe womans husband, Roy Bryant, and his half-brother, J.W. A former educational consultant and a founder of the National Womens Caucus, Chisholm became the first Black woman in Congress in 1968, when she was elected to the House from her Brooklyn district. 3. In what area did airplanes first prove to be of practical value? High out-of-wedlock birth rates, absent fathers, and the lack of a family support network for many young African-Americans have led to serious problems in America's urban areas. The Southern Pacific Railroad contributed to the growth of cities including San Francisco and Los Angeles. By the summer of 1862, however, Lincoln had come to believe he could not avoid the slavery question much longer. Because African Americans made up some 70 percent of the bus companys riders at the time, and the great majority of Montgomerys Black citizens supported the bus boycott, its impact was immediate. In June 1905, a group led by the prominent Black educator W.E.B. Which Reconstruction-era political group came from the North to the South to influence politics? The ILGWU was notable because it was. Du Bois, for one, railed against Van Vechtens novel and criticized works by Black writers, such as McKays novel Home to Harlem, that he saw as reinforcing negative stereotypes of Black people. B. Congress outlawed the import of new enslaved people in 1808, but the enslaved population in the U.S. nearly tripled over the next 50 years, and by 1860 it had reached nearly 4 million, with more than half living in the cottonproducing states of the South. Then-candidateJoe Biden had nominated Harris in August 2020 during the Democratic partys remote national convention. To capitalize on the sit-in movements increasing momentum, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) was founded in Raleigh, North Carolina in April 1960. Learn more about the Emancipation Proclamation at brainly.com/question/27244875 #SPJ1 -J.P. Morgan to the end [result] that oppression, injustice, and poverty shall eventually cease in the land. The case eventually made its way to the Supreme Court, where a majority of members decided on June 12, 1967, that laws banning interracial marriage were unconstitutional. With the aid of the NAACP, Meredith filed a lawsuit alleging that the university had discriminated against him because of his race. We want a minimum wage established, but we want it established by the solidarity [unity] of the working men themselves.We must not, we cannot, depend upon legislative enactments [authorizations] to set wage standards. After 1619, when a Dutch ship brought 20 Africans ashore at the British colony of Jamestown, Virginia, slavery spread quickly through the American colonies. The railroads provided jobs for settlers. Ranchers employed cowhands to tend their cattle and drive herds to market. How did Gustavus Swift's introduction of refrigeration to the meat packing industry change food and ranching in the United States? Lumberjacks cut down whole forests to supply wood for railroad ties. By the end of the 1950s, African Americans had begun to be admitted in small numbers to white colleges and universities in the South without too much incident. Miners sweated in dusty mine shafts digging coal to fuel railroad engines. The following year, Jackson ran for the Democratic nomination for president. After the end of slavery, African Americans could move and find new work What factor most likely caused a decline in Grange membership? Why would it be important for railroads to use strong management techniques? After the end of slavery, African Americans could move and find new work. The fruits of the toil [labor] of millions are boldly stolen to build up colossal fortunes for a few, unprecedented [never having happened or existed before] in the history of mankind; and the possessors of these, in turn, despise the Republic and endanger liberty. Dozens of other players in the NFL and beyond followed suit. Based on this selection, which policy would the Populist Party be mostly likely to support? However, it is estimated that nearly one in three cowhands was either Mexican American or African American. The other was to take the whole art of photography and starting with perfecting dry plates, set out to make the camera as easy a recorder as the pencil. In 1952, the former Malcolm Little was released from prison after serving six years on a robbery charge; while incarcerated, he had joined the Nation of Islam (NOI, commonly known as the Black Muslims), given up drinking and drugs and replaced his surname with an X to signify his rejection of his slave name. gave equal voting rights to all abolished slavery *** ended the use of poll tax outlawed school segregation 3. He delivered a rousing keynote speech at that years Democratic National Convention, attracting national attention with his eloquent call for national unity and cooperation across party lines. On November 13, 1956, in Browder v. Gayle, the U.S. Supreme Court upheld a lower courts decision declaring the bus companys segregation seating policy unconstitutional under the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment. -George Eastman The organizations believed the participation of white students in the so-called Freedom Summer would bring increased visibility to their efforts. The Fair Housing Act of 1968, meant as a follow-up to the Civil Rights Act of 1964, marked the last great legislative achievement of the civil rights era. I meant B for #1. By that time, the U.S. governments war on drugs had sent a disproportionate number of African Americans to prison, and by 2000, more Black men were incarcerated than in college. In doubt no one knows where they areperhaps freezing to death the first and. Horses change the way American Indians land that would be useful for farming a group led by the summer 1862! 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